Professor Robert Langer has reviewed the evidence base for hormone replacement therapy (HRT). He reviewed the 2002 Women’s Health Institute clinical trial on HRT. “This was a very important paper where serious errors were made during this study in that many of the key investigators were not involved in the publication of results”. It was felt that the publication did not accurately reflect the scientific findings. This study did not show a significantly increased risk of developing breast cancer. However this was not the conclusion presented by the publishers in 2002. The analysis of this data suggests that the risks are small and for most women are outweighed by the benefits if started before 60 or within 10 years of menopause. These benefits include improved cardiovascular, bone and urogenital wellbeing.